Embedded Linux

“Embedded Linux” refers to a type of Linux operating system designed to run on embedded systems. These are specialized computing systems that perform dedicated functions within larger systems, like consumer electronics, IoT devices, automotive systems, and industrial control equipment.

Key Features of Embedded Linux:

1. Customization: Tailored to meet the needs of the embedded device, with a minimized kernel and specific drivers.
2. Low Resource Usage: Designed to run on systems with limited CPU power, memory, and storage.
3. Open Source: Built on the Linux kernel, making it cost-effective and highly customizable.
4. Stability: Well-suited for critical applications that require reliability.
5. Real-Time Capabilities: By using a real-time extension (e.g., PREEMPT_RT), it can support applications requiring timely responses.

Common Use Cases:

• Automotive systems: Infotainment systems in cars (like Android Auto or IVI).
• Consumer electronics: Routers, smart TVs, smartphones.
• IoT devices: Smart sensors, home automation, and wearable tech.
• Industrial Automation: Controllers and robotics.

Tools for Embedded Linux Development:

1. Build Systems: Yocto Project, Buildroot, OpenWrt.
2. Cross-Compilers: Tools like GCC to compile code for the target hardware.
3. Bootloaders: U-Boot, GRUB.
4. Debugging Tools: GDB, Valgrind, and tools for hardware debugging.

In essence, Embedded Linux empowers lightweight, customizable, and efficient software for resource-constrained devices.

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